Executamos um "manual" VACUUM ANALYZE VERBOSE
em algumas de nossas tabelas maiores depois de fazer grandes DELETE/INSERT
alterações nelas. Isso parece funcionar sem problemas, embora às vezes o VACUUM
trabalho de uma tabela seja executado por horas (consulte esta postagem para obter problemas e raciocínios semelhantes).
Ao fazer mais pesquisas, descobri que temos tabelas grandes com um grande número de tuplas mortas, mesmo após a execução VACUUM
. Por exemplo, aqui estão algumas das estatísticas produzidas a partir da consulta nesta resposta .
-[ RECORD 50 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_a
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:43
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-01 01:19
n_tup | 199,169,568
dead_tup | 111,048,906
av_threshold | 39,833,964
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 51 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_b
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:48
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-30 12:40
n_tup | 216,596,624
dead_tup | 117,224,220
av_threshold | 43,319,375
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 52 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_c
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:55
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-23 18:25
n_tup | 309,831,136
dead_tup | 125,047,233
av_threshold | 61,966,277
expect_av | *
O último campo afirma que essas (e a maioria das tabelas) atingiriam o limite para o vácuo automático. No entanto, tendo acabado de executar VACUUM ANALYZE VEBOSE
em cada uma dessas tabelas, a contagem de tupla morta não deve ser 0 (ou próximo de 0, não 125M de 300M)?
A documentação declara:
O VACUUM recupera o armazenamento ocupado por tuplas mortas.
Isso significa que o nosso VACUUM
não está funcionando?
ATUALIZAR
Por solicitação em repsonse, aqui estão alguns logs dos VERBOSE
trabalhos:
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_1"
INFO: scanned index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 1.83s/3.42u sec elapsed 23.01 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_1_on_q_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.10s/3.91u sec elapsed 18.92 sec.
INFO: "example_1": removed 378386 row versions in 7085 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.09s/0.05u sec elapsed 0.19 sec.
INFO: index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 291065 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
165587 index pages have been deleted, 164287 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_1_on_q_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 333287 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
152773 index pages have been deleted, 152757 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "example_1": found 1773 removable, 401984 nonremovable row versions in 14438 out of 1493006 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 10567 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 4.26s/7.51u sec elapsed 46.10 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_17917"
INFO: index "pg_toast_17917_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_17917": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_1"
INFO: "example_1": scanned 30000 of 1493006 pages, containing 611502 live rows and 0 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 40563141 estimated total rows
Esta tabela agora mostra 0 tuplas mortas nas estatísticas. A maioria das tabelas tem tuplas mortas muito mais baixas hoje de manhã, portanto o nosso VACUUM
ou o vácuo automático está funcionando.
Temos algumas tabelas que não produzem nada e ainda mostram tuplas mortas:
-[ RECORD 49 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_2
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 02:23
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-02 14:30
n_tup | 117,914,944
dead_tup | 34,507,388
av_threshold | 23,583,039
expect_av | *
Algumas vezes eu vi nos logs onde os índices serão verificados repetidamente. Isso parece corresponder a trabalhos de longa duração VACUUM
. Alguma idéia do porquê? Isso é apenas uma solução para o bloqueio de registros (não acho que alguma gravação estivesse ocorrendo durante a execução desses trabalhos).
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_2"
...
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 3.88s/16.54u sec elapsed 23.09 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 6.74s/21.13u sec elapsed 84.64 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2795959 row versions in 48214 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.71s/0.32u sec elapsed 33.65 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.84s/16.11u sec elapsed 19.28 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 5.46s/22.70u sec elapsed 130.57 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2591011 row versions in 45539 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.67s/0.38u sec elapsed 15.16 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1560915 pages
DETAIL: 108836958 index row versions were removed.
1100790 index pages have been deleted, 718471 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.25 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_q_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1886087 pages
DETAIL: 110336259 index row versions were removed.
1058063 index pages have been deleted, 266983 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.07 sec.
INFO: "example_2": found 124808 removable, 1355901 nonremovable row versions in 2086343 out of 6966379 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 7858495 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 595.49s/2130.13u sec elapsed 5656.34 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_18079"
INFO: index "pg_toast_18079_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_18079": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_2"
INFO: "example_2": scanned 30000 of 6966379 pages, containing 528443 live rows and 522 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 152953760 estimated total rows
0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
indica que você não possui transações de longa execução que bloqueariam a remoção de tuplas mortas.