Eu tenho vários roteadores e switches Cisco em nossos prédios. Basicamente, todo edifício possui um roteador e um ou mais comutadores. Eu uso apenas duas VLANs para cada edifício: VLAN1 é a VLAN de dados (também nativa) e VLAN200 é a VLAN de voz. A VLAN de cada comutador é "conectada" a uma subinterface no roteador do respectivo prédio (802.1q) e, em cada comutador, a porta conectada à subinterface do roteador é configurada como uma porta de tronco, portanto, temos duas adjacências de VLANs.
Notei que o switch com o IOS 12.2 pode "escolher" a interface VLAN correta quando tento acessar (executar ping) uma sub-rede remota. Todos os comutadores têm 192.168.X.0/24
dados e 10.10.X.0 /24
voz; portanto, se eu tentar executar ping 192.168.1.2
, o comutador usará a interface VLAN ( 192.168.20.2
) como interface de ping de origem e se tentar executar ping no meu Call Manager ( 10.10.254.1
), o comutador usará a interface VLAN 10.10.248.2
como fonte. .
Switches com IOS 15 (novos), com a mesma configuração e conectados ao mesmo tipo de roteadores (como switches com IOS 12.2), não usam a interface VLAN correta. Eles sempre usam a interface VLAN de voz (200 no meu caso), então eu tenho que escolher a interface de origem se quiser esperar uma resposta do dispositivo remoto (é claro, dependendo da sub-rede de destino remota). Comportamento estranho, pois estou usando basicamente a mesma configuração, mas em lugares diferentes. Os novos switches usam o modelo “dual-ipv4-e-ipv6” e os antigos (12.2) usam o modelo “desktop default”. Os computadores atrás dos comutadores não têm nenhum problema de conectividade porque o roteador encaminha os pacotes para o destino correto, mas por que os comutadores não? Qualquer ideia?
Não tenho certeza se meus comutadores suportam roteamento, abaixo do resultado do comando "sh sdm prefer":
default Default bias
dual-ipv4-and-ipv6 Support both IPv4 and IPv6
lanbase-routing Supports both IPv4 and IPv6 Static Routing
qos QoS bias
Esta é a configuração do switch:
Current configuration : 9403 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 00:09:28 UTC Mon Jun 27 2011 by admin
! NVRAM config last updated at 23:32:34 UTC Sun Jun 26 2011 by admin
!
version 15.0
no service pad
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 *Removed*
!
username admin privilege 15 secret 5 *Removed*
no aaa new-model
system mtu routing 1500
!
!
ip domain-name lvdomain.local
ip name-server 192.168.0.43
ip name-server 192.168.0.45
!
mls qos map cos-dscp 0 8 16 24 32 46 48 56
mls qos srr-queue input bandwidth 70 30
mls qos srr-queue input threshold 1 80 90
mls qos srr-queue input priority-queue 2 bandwidth 30
mls qos srr-queue input cos-map queue 1 threshold 2 3
mls qos srr-queue input cos-map queue 1 threshold 3 6 7
mls qos srr-queue input cos-map queue 2 threshold 1 4
mls qos srr-queue input dscp-map queue 1 threshold 2 24
mls qos srr-queue input dscp-map queue 1 threshold 3 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
mls qos srr-queue input dscp-map queue 1 threshold 3 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
mls qos srr-queue input dscp-map queue 2 threshold 3 32 33 40 41 42 43 44 45
mls qos srr-queue input dscp-map queue 2 threshold 3 46 47
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 1 threshold 3 4 5
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 2 threshold 1 2
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 2 threshold 2 3
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 2 threshold 3 6 7
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 3 threshold 3 0
mls qos srr-queue output cos-map queue 4 threshold 3 1
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 1 threshold 3 32 33 40 41 42 43 44 45
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 1 threshold 3 46 47
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 1 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 1 26 27 28 29 30 31 34 35
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 1 36 37 38 39
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 2 24
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 3 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 2 threshold 3 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 3 threshold 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 4 threshold 1 8 9 11 13 15
mls qos srr-queue output dscp-map queue 4 threshold 2 10 12 14
mls qos queue-set output 1 threshold 1 100 100 50 200
mls qos queue-set output 1 threshold 2 125 125 100 400
mls qos queue-set output 1 threshold 3 100 100 100 400
mls qos queue-set output 1 threshold 4 60 150 50 200
mls qos queue-set output 1 buffers 15 25 40 20
mls qos
!
crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-3287232768
enrollment selfsigned
subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-3287232768
revocation-check none
rsakeypair TP-self-signed-3287232768
!
!
crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-3287232768
certificate self-signed 01
*Removed*
quit
spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
vlan internal allocation policy ascending
!
!
class-map match-all AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Trust
match ip dscp ef
class-map match-all AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Trust
match ip dscp cs3 af31
!
policy-map AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
class AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Trust
set dscp ef
police 1000000 8000 exceed-action policed-dscp-transmit
class AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Trust
set dscp cs3
police 1000000 8000 exceed-action policed-dscp-transmit
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
description *****IP PHONES and PC*****
switchport voice vlan 200
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
spanning-tree portfast
service-policy input AutoQoS-Police-CiscoPhone
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
description *****Trunk to FRIAS.3580.1941*****
switchport mode trunk
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
description *****Trunk to FRIAS.3580.1941*****
switchport mode trunk
srr-queue bandwidth share 1 30 35 5
queue-set 2
priority-queue out
mls qos trust cos
auto qos trust
!
interface Vlan1
description *****3580 Data VLAN 1*****
ip address 192.168.26.2 255.255.255.0
no ip route-cache
!
interface Vlan200
description *****3580 Voice VLAN 200*****
ip address 10.10.253.2 255.255.255.0
no ip route-cache
!
ip http server
ip http authentication local
ip http secure-server
!
!
snmp-server community public RO
!
ipv6 access-list IPv6_In_Traffic_Shutdown
deny ipv6 any any
!
!
line con 0
line vty 0 4
logging synchronous
login local
length 0
line vty 5 15
login
!
end
ip default-gateway
ou ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
nesta configuração. Se você estiver executando ping no próprio switch, esse pode ser o problema.