Eu preciso de um select que retorne resultados como este:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3'E eu preciso de todos os resultados, ou seja, isso inclui seqüências de caracteres com 'word2 word3 word1' ou 'word1 word3 word2' ou qualquer outra combinação dos três.
Todas as palavras precisam estar no resultado.
Respostas:
Método bastante lento, mas funcional, para incluir qualquer uma das palavras:
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word2%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word3%'Se você precisar que todas as palavras estejam presentes, use o seguinte:
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word3%'Se você quiser algo mais rápido, precisará procurar na pesquisa de texto completo, e isso é muito específico para cada tipo de banco de dados.
word3 word2 word1.
Observe que, se você LIKEdeterminar para determinar se uma sequência é uma subcadeia de caracteres de outra sequência, deverá escapar do padrão que corresponde aos caracteres na sequência de caracteres de pesquisa.
Se o seu dialeto SQL suportar CHARINDEX, é muito mais fácil usá-lo:
SELECT * FROM MyTable
WHERE CHARINDEX('word1', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word2', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word3', Column1) > 0Além disso, lembre-se de que esse e o método na resposta aceita cobrem apenas a correspondência de substring em vez da correspondência de palavras. Então, por exemplo, a string 'word1word2word3'ainda corresponderia.
InStr()vez dissoCHARINDEX
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] ( @sep CHAR(1), @str VARCHAR(512) )
RETURNS TABLE AS
RETURN (
WITH Pieces(pn, start, stop) AS (
SELECT 1, 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str)
UNION ALL
SELECT pn + 1, stop + 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str, stop + 1)
FROM Pieces
WHERE stop > 0
)
SELECT
pn AS Id,
SUBSTRING(@str, start, CASE WHEN stop > 0 THEN stop - start ELSE 512 END) AS Data
FROM
Pieces
) DECLARE @FilterTable TABLE (Data VARCHAR(512))
INSERT INTO @FilterTable (Data)
SELECT DISTINCT S.Data
FROM fnSplit(' ', 'word1 word2 word3') S -- Contains words
SELECT DISTINCT
T.*
FROM
MyTable T
INNER JOIN @FilterTable F1 ON T.Column1 LIKE '%' + F1.Data + '%'
LEFT JOIN @FilterTable F2 ON T.Column1 NOT LIKE '%' + F2.Data + '%'
WHERE
F2.Data IS NULLEm vez de SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3', adicione E entre essas palavras como:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 And word2 And word3'para obter detalhes, consulte aqui https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187787.aspx
ATUALIZAR
Para selecionar frases, use aspas duplas como:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS '"Phrase one" And word2 And "Phrase Two"'ps, você deve primeiro ativar a Pesquisa de texto completo na tabela antes de usar o contains keyword. para obter mais detalhes, consulte aqui https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/search/get-started-with-full-text-search
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
Column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word3%'Alterado ORpara com ANDbase na edição da pergunta.
Se você estiver usando o Oracle Database , poderá conseguir isso usando a consulta contém . Contém consultas mais rápidas do que as consultas semelhantes.
Se você precisar de todas as palavras
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 and word2 and word3', 1) > 0Se você precisar de alguma das palavras
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 or word2 or word3', 1) > 0Contém um índice necessário do tipo CONTEXT na sua coluna.
CREATE INDEX SEARCH_IDX ON MyTable(Column) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXTSe você só quer encontrar uma correspondência.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR('word1 word2 word3',Column1)<>0Servidor SQL :
CHARINDEX(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3', 1)<>0Para obter a correspondência exata. O exemplo (';a;ab;ac;',';b;')não será compatível.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR(';word1;word2;word3;',';'||Column1||';')<>0tente usar a "pesquisa de tesarus" no índice de texto completo no MS SQL Server. Isso é muito melhor do que usar "%" na pesquisa se você tiver milhões de registros. tesarus tem uma pequena quantidade de consumo de memória do que os outros. tente pesquisar essas funções :)
A melhor maneira é criar um índice de texto completo em uma coluna da tabela e usar o include em vez do LIKE
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
contains(Column1 , N'word1' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word2' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word3' )por que não usar "in"?
Select *
from table
where columnname in (word1, word2, word3)Uma das maneiras mais fáceis de obter o que é mencionado na pergunta é usando CONTAINS com NEAR ou '~'. Por exemplo, as consultas a seguir nos forneceriam todas as colunas que incluem especificamente word1, word2 e word3.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 NEAR word2 NEAR word3')
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 ~ word2 ~ word3')Além disso, CONTAINSTABLE retorna uma classificação para cada documento com base na proximidade de "palavra1", "palavra2" e "palavra3". Por exemplo, se um documento contiver a frase "A palavra1 é palavra2 e palavra3", sua classificação será alta porque os termos estão mais próximos um do outro do que em outros documentos.
Outra coisa que gostaria de acrescentar é que também podemos usar o proximidade_termo para encontrar colunas onde as palavras estão dentro de uma distância específica entre elas na frase da coluna.
Idealmente, isso deve ser feito com a ajuda da pesquisa de texto completo do servidor sql, se estiver sendo usada. No entanto, se você não conseguir fazer isso funcionar no seu banco de dados por algum motivo, aqui está uma solução com alto desempenho:
-- table to search in
CREATE TABLE dbo.myTable
(
myTableId int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
code varchar(200) NOT NULL,
description varchar(200) NOT NULL -- this column contains the values we are going to search in
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
-- function to split space separated search string into individual words
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (@StringInput nvarchar(max),
@Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS @OutputTable TABLE (
id nvarchar(1000)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @String nvarchar(100);
WHILE LEN(@StringInput) > 0
BEGIN
SET @String = LEFT(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @StringInput) - 1, -1),
LEN(@StringInput)));
SET @StringInput = SUBSTRING(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX
(
@Delimiter, @StringInput
),
0
), LEN
(
@StringInput)
)
+ 1, LEN(@StringInput));
INSERT INTO @OutputTable (id)
VALUES (@String);
END;
RETURN;
END;
GO
-- this is the search script which can be optionally converted to a stored procedure /function
declare @search varchar(max) = 'infection upper acute genito'; -- enter your search string here
-- the searched string above should give rows containing the following
-- infection in upper side with acute genitointestinal tract
-- acute infection in upper teeth
-- acute genitointestinal pain
if (len(trim(@search)) = 0) -- if search string is empty, just return records ordered alphabetically
begin
select 1 as Priority ,myTableid, code, Description from myTable order by Description
return;
end
declare @splitTable Table(
wordRank int Identity(1,1), -- individual words are assinged priority order (in order of occurence/position)
word varchar(200)
)
declare @nonWordTable Table( -- table to trim out auxiliary verbs, prepositions etc. from the search
id varchar(200)
)
insert into @nonWordTable values
('of'),
('with'),
('at'),
('in'),
('for'),
('on'),
('by'),
('like'),
('up'),
('off'),
('near'),
('is'),
('are'),
(','),
(':'),
(';')
insert into @splitTable
select id from dbo.fnSplit(@search,' '); -- this function gives you a table with rows containing all the space separated words of the search like in this e.g., the output will be -
-- id
-------------
-- infection
-- upper
-- acute
-- genito
delete s from @splitTable s join @nonWordTable n on s.word = n.id; -- trimming out non-words here
declare @countOfSearchStrings int = (select count(word) from @splitTable); -- count of space separated words for search
declare @highestPriority int = POWER(@countOfSearchStrings,3);
with plainMatches as
(
select myTableid, @highestPriority as Priority from myTable where Description like @search -- exact matches have highest priority
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-1 as Priority from myTable where Description like @search + '%' -- then with something at the end
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-2 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search -- then with something at the beginning
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-3 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search + '%' -- then if the word falls somewhere in between
),
splitWordMatches as( -- give each searched word a rank based on its position in the searched string
-- and calculate its char index in the field to search
select myTable.myTableid, (@countOfSearchStrings - s.wordRank) as Priority, s.word,
wordIndex = CHARINDEX(s.word, myTable.Description) from myTable join @splitTable s on myTable.Description like '%'+ s.word + '%'
-- and not exists(select myTableid from plainMatches p where p.myTableId = myTable.myTableId) -- need not look into myTables that have already been found in plainmatches as they are highest ranked
-- this one takes a long time though, so commenting it, will have no impact on the result
),
matchingRowsWithAllWords as (
select myTableid, count(myTableid) as myTableCount from splitWordMatches group by(myTableid) having count(myTableid) = @countOfSearchStrings
)
, -- trim off the CTE here if you don't care about the ordering of words to be considered for priority
wordIndexRatings as( -- reverse the char indexes retrived above so that words occuring earlier have higher weightage
-- and then normalize them to sequential values
select s.myTableid, Priority, word, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by s.myTableid order by wordindex desc) as comparativeWordIndex
from splitWordMatches s join matchingRowsWithAllWords m on s.myTableId = m.myTableId
)
,
wordIndexSequenceRatings as ( -- need to do this to ensure that if the same set of words from search string is found in two rows,
-- their sequence in the field value is taken into account for higher priority
select w.myTableid, w.word, (w.Priority + w.comparativeWordIndex + coalesce(sequncedPriority ,0)) as Priority
from wordIndexRatings w left join
(
select w1.myTableid, w1.priority, w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex, count(w1.myTableid) as sequncedPriority
from wordIndexRatings w1 join wordIndexRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId and w1.Priority > w2.Priority and w1.comparativeWordIndex>w2.comparativeWordIndex
group by w1.myTableid, w1.priority,w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex
)
sequencedPriority on w.myTableId = sequencedPriority.myTableId and w.Priority = sequencedPriority.Priority
),
prioritizedSplitWordMatches as ( -- this calculates the cumulative priority for a field value
select w1.myTableId, sum(w1.Priority) as OverallPriority from wordIndexSequenceRatings w1 join wordIndexSequenceRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId
where w1.word <> w2.word group by w1.myTableid
),
completeSet as (
select myTableid, priority from plainMatches -- get plain matches which should be highest ranked
union
select myTableid, OverallPriority as priority from prioritizedSplitWordMatches -- get ranked split word matches (which are ordered based on word rank in search string and sequence)
),
maximizedCompleteSet as( -- set the priority of a field value = maximum priority for that field value
select myTableid, max(priority) as Priority from completeSet group by myTableId
)
select priority, myTable.myTableid , code, Description from maximizedCompleteSet m join myTable on m.myTableId = myTable.myTableId
order by Priority desc, Description -- order by priority desc to get highest rated items on top
--offset 0 rows fetch next 50 rows only -- optional paging
DECLARE @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
SET @SearchStr = ' '
CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar', 'int', 'decimal')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
)
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #Results
EXEC
(
'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
)
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
DROP TABLE #Resultsselect * from table where name regexp '^word[1-3]$'ou
select * from table where name in ('word1','word2','word3')