Expandindo esta resposta, pode-se usar um procedimento armazenado:
CALL duplicate_table('tableName');
O que resultará em uma tabela duplicada chamada tableName_20181022235959
Se chamada quando
SELECT NOW();
resultados:
2018-10-22 23:59:59
Implementação
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE duplicate_table(IN tableName VARCHAR(255))
BEGIN
DECLARE schemaName VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT SCHEMA();
DECLARE today VARCHAR(14) DEFAULT REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(NOW(), '-', ''), ' ', ''), ':', ''); -- update @ year 10000
DECLARE backupTableName VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT CONCAT(tableName, '_', today);
IF fn_table_exists(schemaName, tableName)
THEN
CALL statement(CONCAT('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ', backupTableName,' LIKE ', tableName));
CALL statement(CONCAT('INSERT INTO ', backupTableName,' SELECT * FROM ', tableName));
CALL statement(CONCAT('CHECKSUM TABLE ', backupTableName,', ', tableName));
ELSE
SELECT CONCAT('ERROR: Table "', tableName, '" does not exist in the schema "', schemaName, '".') AS ErrorMessage;
END IF;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE FUNCTION fn_table_exists(schemaName VARCHAR(255), tableName VARCHAR(255))
RETURNS TINYINT(1)
BEGIN
DECLARE totalTablesCount INT DEFAULT (
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM information_schema.TABLES
WHERE (TABLE_SCHEMA COLLATE utf8_general_ci = schemaName COLLATE utf8_general_ci)
AND (TABLE_NAME COLLATE utf8_general_ci = tableName COLLATE utf8_general_ci)
);
RETURN IF(
totalTablesCount > 0,
TRUE,
FALSE
);
END $$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE statement(IN dynamic_statement TEXT)
BEGIN
SET @dynamic_statement := dynamic_statement;
PREPARE prepared_statement FROM @dynamic_statement;
EXECUTE prepared_statement;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE prepared_statement;
END $$
DELIMITER ;