Eu tenho 2 tabelas com as quais estou interagindo.

A primeira tabela: acl_permissions (é apenas uma tabela normal).

+-----------------------------------+
|           acl_permissions         |
+----+-------------+----------------+
| id |     name    |   permission   |
+----+-------------+----------------+
|  1 | Add User    | addUser        |
|  2 | Edit User   | editUser       |
|  3 | Delete User | deleteUser     |
|  4 | View User   | viewUser       |
|  5 | Test Name   | testPermission |
+----+-------------+----------------+

A segunda tabela: acl_group_permissions é uma tabela de junção.

+--------------------------------+
|      acl_group_permissions     |
+----+----------+----------------+
| id | group_id | permissions_id |
+----+----------+----------------+
|  1 |     1    |        1       |
|  2 |     1    |        2       |
|  3 |     1    |        3       |
|  4 |     1    |        4       |
|  5 |     2    |        4       |
|  6 |     2    |        5       |
+----+----------+----------------+

Eu tenho uma consulta para mostrar todas as permissões atualmente permitidas pelo group_id '1'.

SELECT acl_permissions.id, acl_permissions.name, acl_permissions.permission
FROM acl_permissions
JOIN acl_group_permissions
ON acl_permissions.id = acl_group_permissions.permission_id
WHERE acl_group_permissions.group_id = 1

O resultado é:

+----+-------------+----------------+
| id |     name    |   permission   |
+----+-------------+----------------+
|  1 | Add User    | addUser        |
|  2 | Edit User   | editUser       |
|  3 | Delete User | deleteUser     |
|  4 | View User   | viewUser       |
+----+-------------+----------------+

MEU PROBLEMA

Quero que uma consulta mostre todas as permissões que não são permitidas pelo group_id '1'.

O resultado desejado seria:

+----+-------------+----------------+
| id |     name    |   permission   |
+----+-------------+----------------+
|  5 | Test Name   | testPermission |
+----+-------------+----------------+

O mais próximo que eu tenho disso é:

SELECT acl_permissions.id, acl_permissions.name, acl_permissions.permission
FROM acl_permissions
LEFT OUTER JOIN acl_group_permissions
ON acl_permissions.id = acl_group_permissions.permission_id
WHERE acl_group_permissions.group_id IS NULL

Com o resultado sendo:

+----+-------------+----------------+
| id |     name    |   permission   |
+----+-------------+----------------+
|  4 | View User   | viewUser       |
|  5 | Test Name   | testPermission |
+----+-------------+----------------+

Como faço para alimentar o group_id de '1' na consulta para eliminar o ID 4.

Eu pesquisei bastante no Google, mas encontro exemplos e soluções que estão próximas, mas são exatamente exatas à minha situação.

IE: Usando uma tabela de junção. Meus infográficos de tipos de associação do MySQL também não ajudam.

Socorro..! Meu cérebro está derretendo ..!

Não use uma lógica de junção, use uma mais simples:

Selecione todas as permissões_id que o grupo_1 possui (em acl_group_permissions) e selecione todos os IDs de acl_permissions que não estiverem nos selecionados. Traduzido para SQL, ele se torna:

SELECT acl_permissions.id, acl_permissions.name, acl_permissions.permission
FROM acl_permissions
WHERE acl_permissions.id NOT 
IN (
    SELECT permissions_id
    FROM acl_group_permissions
    WHERE group_id = 1
)

Não é o melhor, mas isso funcionaria

SELECT acl_permissions.id, acl_permissions.name, acl_permissions.permission
FROM acl_permissions
JOIN acl_group_permissions
ON acl_permissions.id = acl_group_permissions.permission_id
WHERE acl_group_permissions.group_id != 1 and acl_permissions.id 
NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT acl_permissions.id
FROM acl_permissions
JOIN acl_group_permissions
ON acl_permissions.id = acl_group_permissions.permission_id
WHERE acl_group_permissions.group_id = 1)

CONSULTA PROPOSTA

SELECT A.*
FROM acl_permissions A LEFT JOIN
(SELECT * FROM acl_group_permissions WHERE group_id=1) B
ON A.id = B.permissions_id WHERE B.id IS NULL;

SUAS DADOS DE AMOSTRA

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS matt;
CREATE DATABASE matt;
USE matt
CREATE TABLE acl_permissions
(
    id int not null auto_increment,
    name varchar(32),
    permission varchar(32),
    primary key (id)
);
CREATE TABLE acl_group_permissions
(
    id int not null auto_increment,
    group_id int not null,
    permissions_id int not null,
    primary key (id)
);
INSERT INTO acl_permissions
(name,permission) VALUES
('Add User'   ,'addUser'),
('Edit User'  ,'editUser'),
('Delete User','deleteUser'),
('View User'  ,'viewUser'),
('Test Name'  ,'testPermission');
INSERT INTO acl_group_permissions
(group_id,permissions_id) VALUES
(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,4),(2,5);
SELECT * FROM acl_permissions;
SELECT * FROM acl_group_permissions;

SUAS DADOS DE AMOSTRA CARREGADOS

mysql> DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS matt;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.39 sec)

mysql> CREATE DATABASE matt;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> USE matt
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE acl_permissions
    -> (
    ->     id int not null auto_increment,
    ->     name varchar(32),
    ->     permission varchar(32),
    ->     primary key (id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE acl_group_permissions
    -> (
    ->     id int not null auto_increment,
    ->     group_id int not null,
    ->     permissions_id int not null,
    ->     primary key (id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO acl_permissions
    -> (name,permission) VALUES
    -> ('Add User'   ,'addUser'),
    -> ('Edit User'  ,'editUser'),
    -> ('Delete User','deleteUser'),
    -> ('View User'  ,'viewUser'),
    -> ('Test Name'  ,'testPermission');
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> INSERT INTO acl_group_permissions
    -> (group_id,permissions_id) VALUES
    -> (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,4),(2,5);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM acl_permissions;
+----+-------------+----------------+
| id | name        | permission     |
+----+-------------+----------------+
|  1 | Add User    | addUser        |
|  2 | Edit User   | editUser       |
|  3 | Delete User | deleteUser     |
|  4 | View User   | viewUser       |
|  5 | Test Name   | testPermission |
+----+-------------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM acl_group_permissions;
+----+----------+----------------+
| id | group_id | permissions_id |
+----+----------+----------------+
|  1 |        1 |              1 |
|  2 |        1 |              2 |
|  3 |        1 |              3 |
|  4 |        1 |              4 |
|  5 |        2 |              4 |
|  6 |        2 |              5 |
+----+----------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

CONSULTA PROPOSTA EXECUTADA

mysql> SELECT A.*
    -> FROM acl_permissions A LEFT JOIN
    -> (SELECT * FROM acl_group_permissions WHERE group_id=1) B
    -> ON A.id = B.permissions_id WHERE B.id IS NULL;
+----+-----------+----------------+
| id | name      | permission     |
+----+-----------+----------------+
|  5 | Test Name | testPermission |
+----+-----------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

DE UMA CHANCE !!!